RADAR SYSTEM

1.1 Project idea

We are considering providing a complete radar system that will help to reduce the number of accidents on the highways by implementing a system that is used for car speed detecting and fast recognizing the detail of the plate of the car. This system is considered to be better than the existing road radars and provide new features that will lead to high accuracy, fast detecting, plate recognition and plate’s details extraction at every radar unit then send the details to the responsible authority to take the necessary action with the car driver. This System will meet our specifications in a simple way with a simple radar circuit that provide the signal for detecting the cars in an electromagnetic wave, then make a simple hardware circuit that provide the speed of the detected car by calibration to give an order to the camera to picture the over speed cars. After that the license plate of the car will be extracted from the car picture and then extract the ARABIC letters and numbers from the plate, and then send these contents to the responsible authority by an automatic E-mail. In addition to that the old system is considered to be expensive (approx 10,000$) and this system is considered to be maximum 2000$ and this value is rising according to road type.

1.1.2Main Description:

When the car moves in front of the radar circuit, the radar calculates the car’s speed by using the main characteristics of Doppler frequencies. The output of the radar is voltage varying from 0 to 50 m volt. Get the output voltage of the radar and turn it into the ADC circuit to convert it from analogue dc volt form to digital output, where the computer can deal with it. The output of the interface will be 8-bits, and then it will vary from 0 to 255.So we need to do our calibration for determining the car’s speed with specific software. After detecting the car speed, we have to give an order to the camera to capture this car if it moving over speed and if it’s not moving over speed just determines the speed of it. After taking the photo for the car we have to does some processing on it to get recognize the license plate. After recognizing the plates, we extract the information of the plate and report it.

Project Description

The radar system is consists of 4 phases:

·       Radar circuit.

·       Analogue to digital interface.

·       Software’s programming for reading the digital input, calibration for the car speed, give an order to the camera to capture the car.

·       Finally the image processing software to recognize the plate of the car.

1.1.3 Project requirements:

·       Information about Radar system.

·       Radar wave generator circuit.

·       Analogue to digital interface.

·       Software for reading from the parallel port.

·       Software for speed calibration.

·       Software for image processing and determining the plate.s contents.

1.2 Methodology

The main goal of this project is to minimize the number of accidents per years, which occurs all over the roads, by punishing the drivers that cross the speed limits. So we can achieve this goal by following some steps to get this idea. We use the radar to detect a moving car along the road which the radar will be located. After that by the output of the radar circuit, we get the output voltage and convert it to digital form that will be used for measuring the car’s speed. Then the next phase is to order the camera by the input value of the speed of the car to Taking a photo for the car if it moving over speed. After saving the image of the car, we make a number of operations that will be helpful for analyzing the image, and detect the plate contents to report it. The last part of the system is to take details of the car’s plate after extract the contents of the plate and sending the car details to the responsible authority.

1.3 Project objectives

1.3.1 HARDWARE & NETWORK PLATFORMS:

We will use for converting from analogue to digital a specific hardware elements that will help and make it more simple for implementing the hardware. We will use a microcontroller for converting from analogue to digital.

1.3.2 Programming Languages:

·       We will use micro C for the program of the microcontroller which will be used for analogue to digital converter(ADC).

·       Proteus for circuit simulation.

·       Sharp and Mat lab for interface.

·       Mat lab for calibration and license plate recognition (LPR).

1.3.3 KEY PROJECT BENEFITS: 

1. Detect the speeding cars automatically.

2. Using radar to measure speed of the car to avoid accident.

3. Reduce human element which reduce errors.

4. Easy handling and low cost.

5. Make the road safer.

Now we will speak about each one of the system components to describe every operation in each part and how it will be connected with the other phase.

Chapter 2 will be about the radar circuit, its components and the Doppler shift which is the main idea of the radar operation

In chapter 3, chapter 4 we will mention in it how to design the hardware interface and how it will operate to convert the output analogue signal from the radar circuit to digital form to can be easily recognized by the computer by attached the parallel cable with the interface and the computer.

Chapter 5 will be about when the camera will picture the moving cars, recognizing information of the plate of the car and send this information automatically by e-mail to responsible authority.

At chapter 6, software engineering is about the flow chart of the system, constraints and the duration and tasks implementation.