Power rating of alternator is defined as the power which can be delivered by an alternator
safely and efficiently under some specific conditions. Increasing load,
increases losses in alternator, which leads to temperature rise of the
machine. The conductor and insulator parts of the machine have some
specific over heating withstand limits. The power rating of an alternator
is so specified, that at that maximum load, the temperature rise of
different parts of the machine does not cross their specified safe
limit.
The copper losses i.e. I2R loss varies with armature current and core losses vary with voltage. The temperature rise or heating of alternator depends upon cumulative effect of copper losses and core losses. As there is no role of power factor upon these losses, the rating of alternator generally given in VA or KVA or MVA.
In other word, as the losses of alternator are independent of electrical power factor, hence power factor does not come into picture while power rating of an alternator is calculated or estimated. Although losses of alternator depends upon its KVA or MVA rating but actual output varies with electrical power factor. The electrical output of an alternator is product of power factor and VA and output is expressed in KW. Some times alternators are also rated by its power instead of VA rating. That time electrical power factor of the alternator must be specified too.
The copper losses i.e. I2R loss varies with armature current and core losses vary with voltage. The temperature rise or heating of alternator depends upon cumulative effect of copper losses and core losses. As there is no role of power factor upon these losses, the rating of alternator generally given in VA or KVA or MVA.
In other word, as the losses of alternator are independent of electrical power factor, hence power factor does not come into picture while power rating of an alternator is calculated or estimated. Although losses of alternator depends upon its KVA or MVA rating but actual output varies with electrical power factor. The electrical output of an alternator is product of power factor and VA and output is expressed in KW. Some times alternators are also rated by its power instead of VA rating. That time electrical power factor of the alternator must be specified too.
In addition to KVA rating, an alternator is also rated with voltage, electric current, frequency, speed, number of phase, number of poles, field ampere, excitation voltage, maximum temperature rise limit etc.
The table below shown a standard rating plate of alternator.
The table below shown a standard rating plate of alternator.
| Make | ............... |
| Kilo Watt Rating | 5000 |
| Power Factor | 0.85 lag |
| KVA Rating | 5,88,000 |
| Stator Volt | 21,000 |
| Stator Ampere | 16,200 |
| Rotor Volt | 340 |
| Rotor Ampere | 4040 |
| R.P.M | 3000 |
| Hz | 50 |
| Phase | 3 |
| Armature Connection | Double Star |
| Coolant | Water & Hydrogen (Forced) |
| Gas Pressure | 3.5 bar |
| Insulation Type | + F |
| Type | ............... |
| Specification | IS5422 & IEC34 |
| Product Serial Number | ............... |
| Manufacturing Year | ............... |
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