As we know that, nowadays energy sources
are limited and energy consumption has increased, So renewable energy
sources are used in order to meet the increase the demand for energy.
Keeping this in mind in this article, we are discussing about a solar powered LED street light with auto intensity control. This project is driven by solar energy
used to control the light intensity from morning to evening based on
the brightness. A case study is also done to demonstrate the advantages
of this solar LED street light compared to traditional street light.
Because, this solar powered street light can conserve a large amount of
electricity compared to the other lights which are a light to their
maximum intensity at all times after they are turned on Solar Powered Led Street Light with Auto Intensity Control Circuit and Its Working.
Solar Powered LED Street Light
Solar Powered Led Street Light
The solar powered street light work on
the principle of solar cells or PV cells to absorb the solar energy in
the daytime. The PV cells convert solar energy
to the electrical energy. The converted energy is stored in the battery
and the solar street lights use solar energy. Nowadays solar street
lights are available beside the roads. At the night time the lamps start
automatically and it uses the electrical energy which is stored in the
battery. Every day this process continues
Solar Powered Led Street Light
Light emitting diode
comprises of the chemical compound. When the direct current from the
battery passes through the light, then it gives the light. Solar LEDs
are available in different shapes, styles and sizes. Generally, the life
span of light emitting diode is very high and it requires very little
current.
Don’t Miss: Solar Energy Projects for Engineering Students.
Working of a Solar Powered Led Street Light with Auto Intensity Control Circuit and Its Working
The solar powered led street lights
activate from dusk to dawn. The LED street light automatically turns ON
after the dusk and turns OFF after the dawn. The designing of the entire
system includes: Solar panels, LED light, Rechargeable battery,
Controller, Pole and Interconnecting cables.
Solar Powered LED Street Light with Auto Intensity Control Circuit Diagram
Solar Panels
The solar panel or PV cell in the solar
street light is one of the most essential parts. These cells are
available in two types: mono crystalline and poly crystalline. The mono
crystalline conversion rate is higher than the poly crystalline. The
light energy used by the solar panels from the sun is used to change
solar energy into electricity, which can be used in various
applications.
Electrical connections of this project
are made in series to achieve an o/p voltage and to afford a current
facility connections are made in parallel. The majority of the modules
uses silicon (Si) but most of the solar panels are fixed.
Light Emitting Diode
LEDs are used in modern street lights
to provide brighter light with low energy consumption. The energy
consumption of LED fixture is lesser than the high pressure sodium
fixture, which is commonly used in traditional street lights. Compare to
the other lamps, LED lights do not produce light in all directions. The
design of lamps can be effected by the uniqueness of the LEDs. The
single LED o/p is not equal to the incandescent and fluorescent lamps.
But, a bunch of LEDs will give bright light than these two lamps. The
advantages of LEDs mainly include Eco friendly, durable, zero UV
emissions and long life.
Rechargeable Battery
Rechargeable battery is a one kind of electrical
battery and it has electro mechanical reactions to adjust so it is also
called as secondary cell. Generally, there are two kinds of batteries,
namely gel cell deep cycle and lead acid battery. A rechargeable battery
is used in solar LED street lights, this battery is used to store electricity
generated from the solar panel during the sunrise to afford energy in
the sunset. The lifetime and capacity of the rechargeable battery are
essential as they affect the backup power days of the lights.
Controller
A controller is a very significant device
in solar street light, used to decide the status of the charging and
lighting by switch on or switch off. Some recent controllers are pre
programmed and it consists of a battery charger, a Led lamp driver, a
driver, a secondary power supply, an MCU and a protection circuit. The
battery can be controlled by the controller from the under and over
charging conditions. The battery can be charged by the power received
from the solar panels in the sunrise and while in the sunset it charges
the battery.
Pole
A strong pole is mandatory for each and
every street light and also for a solar street light. There are various
components such as panels, batteries and fixtures fixed on the top of
the pole. In this light, the i/p operating voltage is 12V DC which is a
nominal system voltage, and the light o/p at the height of 12 feet is a
minimum of 09 LUX (unit of luminance).
Interconnecting Cables
The cable is used to interconnect the
LED, solar panel and battery box which is fixed on the top of the pole.
This cable is used to connect a Photovoltaic module to the controller,
controller to the lamps and battery. The size and length of the cable
depend on the current being carried to the LED lights and the height of
the pole. The assembling of the entire solar LED street light system can
be connected using all the above components which use sun energy to
give the power to the LED lamps fixed on street poles.
Solar Powered Led Street Light with Auto Intensity Control Project Kit
Thus, this is all about Solar Powered
Led Street Light with Auto Intensity Control. We hope that you have got a
better understanding of this concept. Furthermore, any queries
regarding this concept or electrical and electronic projects, please give your feedback in the comment section below. Here is a question for you, what is the function of a solar panel?
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